In Vietnam, “phạt nguội” (cold fines) refers to traffic violations detected and recorded by cameras or other surveillance equipment and subsequently processed and issued to the vehicle owner. This system aims to enhance traffic law enforcement, reduce the need for direct interaction between traffic police and drivers, and ultimately improve road safety.
How Does It Work?
The system relies on a network of cameras strategically placed at intersections, along highways, and in areas prone to traffic violations. These cameras capture images and videos of vehicles violating traffic laws, such as:
- Speeding
- Running red lights
- Driving in restricted lanes (e.g., bus lanes)
- Illegal parking
- Failing to wear a helmet (motorcycles)
- Using a mobile phone while driving
The captured footage is then reviewed by traffic police officers who verify the violation based on the available evidence. If a violation is confirmed, a “phạt nguội” notice is issued to the registered owner of the vehicle. The notice includes details of the violation, the location, time, the specific law violated, the amount of the fine, and instructions on how to pay the fine. Importantly, the notice is linked to the vehicle’s license plate number (biển số xe).
Notification and Payment
The notification of a “phạt nguội” usually takes place through various channels:
- Direct mail: A physical notice is sent to the registered address of the vehicle owner. However, this method is sometimes unreliable due to outdated address information.
- Online portal: Many provincial traffic police departments have online portals where individuals can check if their vehicle has any outstanding “phạt nguội” fines by entering the license plate number and vehicle registration information.
- At vehicle registration/inspection: When a vehicle owner attempts to renew their registration or undergo a mandatory inspection, any outstanding “phạt nguội” fines associated with the vehicle must be settled before the process can be completed.
Payment methods typically include:
- Directly at the traffic police station
- Through banks
- Via online banking platforms
- Using e-wallets (in some areas)
Challenges and Considerations
Despite its benefits, the “phạt nguội” system faces certain challenges:
- Accuracy of Camera Readings: Ensuring the accuracy of the cameras and the process of verifying violations is crucial to avoid wrongly accusing drivers.
- Notification Issues: As mentioned earlier, relying solely on mail for notification can be problematic due to address inaccuracies.
- Appeal Process: A clear and accessible appeal process is necessary for drivers who believe they have been wrongly fined.
- Transparency: Providing clear and easily accessible information about the “phạt nguội” system, including camera locations and frequently asked questions, is essential to promote public understanding and compliance.
The “phạt nguội” system is an evolving aspect of traffic law enforcement in Vietnam. As the technology improves and the system becomes more refined, it is expected to play an increasingly important role in promoting safer roads and more responsible driving habits.