Día de la Escarapela: A Badge of Argentine Identity

Every year on May 18th, Argentina proudly celebrates Día de la Escarapela Nacional, or National Cockade Day. This day commemorates the adoption of the light blue and white cockade, a significant emblem of national identity and a precursor to the Argentine flag.

The story of the escarapela’s origins is shrouded in some mystery. While no definitive document exists pinpointing its exact creation or first usage, popular belief attributes its emergence to the events leading up to the May Revolution in 1810. As Buenos Aires agitated for independence from Spanish rule, citizens sought a visible symbol to distinguish themselves. Several theories circulate regarding the colors’ inspiration. Some believe they were taken from the Bourbon dynasty’s coat of arms (though Argentinians were rebelling against that dynasty), while others suggest inspiration from the colors of the sky or from uniforms used by local militias.

Regardless of its precise origin, the light blue and white colors rapidly gained traction. The most widely accepted narrative involves French-born Domingo French and Antonio Luis Beruti, prominent figures in the revolutionary movement. They are said to have distributed ribbons and cockades in those colors among patriots gathering in the Plaza de Mayo, the main square of Buenos Aires, during the tumultuous days of May 1810.

While initially informal and perhaps even spontaneously created, the escarapela quickly became a potent symbol of allegiance. Just five years later, on February 13, 1812, the First Triumvirate, the governing body of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (the precursor to modern-day Argentina), officially recognized the light blue and white cockade as the national emblem. This official recognition solidified its importance and set the stage for the later adoption of the Argentine flag, which incorporated the same iconic colors.

Today, Día de la Escarapela is observed with patriotic fervor. Schools across Argentina hold special assemblies, where children learn about the history of the escarapela and its significance. Many Argentinians wear the cockade pinned to their clothing, displaying their national pride. The day serves as a reminder of the courage and determination of those who fought for Argentine independence and a celebration of the enduring symbols that unite the nation.

The escarapela may appear simple – a small, round badge of light blue and white. Yet, it carries immense weight, representing the spirit of Argentina, its quest for freedom, and the shared identity of its people. It’s a powerful symbol that continues to resonate with Argentinians of all ages, reminding them of their rich history and the values they hold dear.