Tornado Warning: A Guide to Safety

A tornado warning is a critical alert issued by the National Weather Service (NWS) when a tornado has been sighted or indicated by weather radar. It signifies an imminent threat to life and property. Unlike a tornado watch, which means conditions are favorable for tornadoes to develop, a tornado warning means a tornado is happening or about to happen. Understanding the warning and knowing how to react can be the difference between safety and disaster.

Understanding the Alert

When a tornado warning is issued, it typically includes the following information:

• Source: Identifies the issuing agency, usually the National Weather Service (NWS).
• Location: Specifies the counties or areas affected by the warning.
• Time: Indicates the effective and expiration times of the warning.
• Basis: Explains how the tornado was detected – either by visual sighting or radar indication. Radar detected tornadoes are often described as “radar indicated rotation.”
• Direction and Speed: Provides the direction the tornado is moving and its estimated speed.
• Impact: Describes the potential impacts of the tornado, such as damage to structures, trees, and power lines.
• Instructions: Informs people to take immediate protective action.

How to Receive a Tornado Warning

Several methods are available to receive tornado warnings:

• NOAA Weather Radio: A nationwide network broadcasting weather information directly from the NWS.
• Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA): Emergency alerts sent to cell phones in affected areas. These are often life-threatening alerts, including tornado warnings.
• Local News Media: Television and radio stations typically interrupt regular programming to broadcast tornado warnings.
• Weather Apps and Websites: Many weather apps and websites provide real-time alerts based on your location.
• Outdoor Warning Sirens: Some communities have outdoor sirens to alert residents of severe weather. These sirens are designed to be heard outdoors, not indoors.

Taking Action: What to Do During a Tornado Warning

The most important thing to remember during a tornado warning is to seek shelter immediately. Here’s a breakdown of where to go:

• Underground Shelter: The safest place is an underground shelter, such as a basement, storm cellar, or safe room.
• Interior Room: If an underground shelter is not available, go to an interior room on the lowest level of a sturdy building. Stay away from windows, doors, and outside walls. A closet or hallway is often a good choice.
• Community Shelter: Some communities have designated public shelters. Know the location of the nearest shelter in your area.
• Vehicle: If you are in a car or truck, the NWS recommends abandoning it and seeking shelter in a sturdy building. If no building is available, lie flat in a ditch or low-lying area and cover your head.
• Mobile Home: Mobile homes offer little protection from tornadoes. Evacuate immediately and seek shelter in a sturdy building or designated community shelter.

After the Tornado

After the tornado has passed, remain in your shelter until authorities have declared it safe to emerge. Be aware of potential hazards such as downed power lines, debris, and damaged structures. Check on neighbors and offer assistance if possible. Report any damage to authorities.

Preparedness is key to surviving a tornado. By understanding tornado warnings, knowing how to receive them, and having a plan in place, you can significantly increase your chances of staying safe during this dangerous weather event.